The Meiji Restoration Era, 1868-1889 by James Huffman, H. Orth Hirt Professor of History Emeritus, Wittenberg University Editor's Note: This article was originally written for Japan Society's previous site for educators, "Journey through Japan," in 2003. The Japanese era name (Japanese: 年号, Hepburn: nengō, "year name"), also known as gengō (元号), is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme.The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being "gan (元) "), followed by the literal "nen (年)" meaning "year". Those deeply loyal to Emperor Meiji and resistant to modernization efforts were particularly vulnerable. Now his first son, Yoshihito, ascended to the throne and took the name Taisho, ushering in the next era. The long and tumultuous history of Japan, believed to have begun as far back as the prehistoric era, can be divided into distinct periods and eras. From the Jomon Period thousands of years ago to the current Reiwa Era, the island nation of Japan has grown into an influential global power. Many believed that Meiji Japan had flourished under the steadfast rule of the emperor who reigned for more than 40 years. Jomon Period: ~10,000 BCE- After many years of a strict regulation in the Edo period (1603-1868), a new Meiji government finally opened a door to the oversea trade. It encompassed the Japanese archipelago and several colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories.. The Empire of Japan was a historical nation-state that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the post-World War II 1947 constitution and subsequent formation of modern Japan. A new Meiji Government (1868-1913) With the new Meiji government, the old feudal system was changed and many highly skilled potters found themselves out of work. The 1873 Land Tax Revision had a great influence on the modernization of Japanese society. The Reign of the Meiji Emperor When the Meiji emperor was restored as head of Japan in 1868, the nation was a militarily weak country, was primarily agricultural, and had little technological development. The emperor took the name Meiji ("enlightened rule") as his reign name; this event was known as the Meiji Restoration. The Emperor Meiji in Western Military Attire Members of the Iwakura Mission to the USA & Europe; Iwakura Tomomi seated in Japanese dress Urbanization, industrialization and communications.
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