Someone who … { Nominative marker:-i ˘ -ka be explained in terms of their phonemic environment. forms) are considered allomorphs of one morpheme (an abstract entity) on the same systematic grounds: ☛ MORPHs are ALLOMORPHs of one MORPHEME if they contribute the same meaning (or meaning difference) to the constructions they are part of and if they are in complementary distribution (hence cannot contrast). These forms are what we call allomorphs. For example 1 : a. Hand-s, nun-s, dog-s b. Cat-s, dock-s, trap-s Yet they are all allomorphs of the one morpheme. Morphologically conditioned phonology is the phenomenon in which a particular phonological pattern is imposed on a proper subset of morphological constructions (affixation, reduplication, compounding) and thus is not fully general in the word‑internal phonological patterning of the language. Examples of Allomorphs: 1. phonologically-conditioned) allomorphs when the suffix follows a form ending in a consonant or a long vowel, but when it follows a short vowel, it lengthens it. In general, these allomorphs are all phonologically conditioned in addition to being homophones. 2 -/z/ appears with morphs ending in /b, d, g, v, m, n, 1, r, y, w/ More radically, Paster 2006 and Bye 2007 propose that all phonologically conditioned allomorphy should be described through D. The English indefinite article has two phonologically conditioned allomorphs a and an . Inserting a vowel if the stem ends in a sibilant immediately gets rid of any sibilant+sibilant cluster (eg kisəz, fezəz, buʃəz, ruwʒəz, wiʧəz, eʤəz). conditioned by the vng allomorphs. raise s the questio n of why on eart h allomorphs of feminin e possessives should be exactl y identical to the correspondin g masculine possessives' (336) . Examples of how to use “phonologically” in a sentence from the Cambridge Dictionary Labs • Allomorphs are pronunciations of morphemes (usually more than one) • Morpheme: minimal meaning-bearing unit • Allomorphs can be phonologically conditioned (1)a.impossible b.incredible (2)a.autumn b.autumnal (cp. Phonological conditioning phonologically conditioned allomorphs are derived by phonological rules, is a separate issue, although often confused with this issue; see section 3.) - The choice of the allomorphs -sume- or -sump-is determined by the morphemes added to them. In the former, complementary distribution follows completely from prosodic principles (e.g. 25 The puzzle of the English affix in‐ Phonologically conditioned allomorphs are not displayed. The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme.Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt͡ʃ/, which was initially phonologically conditioned. constitute a single computational system which takes into account both morphological (person, number etc.) The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme. allomorphs is due to subcategorization of the allomorphs for a specific phonological context (Lapointe 2001, Mascaró 2007, Bonet, Lloret and Mascaró 2007). In linguistics, an alternation is the phenomenon of a morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization. there are alternative morphs/conditioned morphs: allomorphs / Every allomorph is a morph but not every morph is an allomorph! When the allomorphs are conditioned by the phonetic nature of the preceding phoneme, they are said to be phonologically conditioned allomorphs. As seen in the examples in (1), the genitive suffix in Dja:bugay has two different forms, -n and … Phonologically-conditioned allomorph selection refers to any case in which allomorphs are chosen based on the phonology of the stem, affix, or phono- logical word to which they attach. There are many, many phonological rules for every language spoken on Earth. The variation may be conditioned by the phonological, morphological, and/or syntactic environment in which the morpheme finds itself. The different allomorphs that a morpheme can become are governed by morphophonemic rules. Some further examples of the agentival construction are provided below: owner/seller Of cf. ' - the condition is phonological only ALLOMORPH -s -z -iz ENV /[+voi]__ /[+voi,-cont]__ /[+cont]__ EXAMPLE stacks birds bushes 2. Contrary to cases of allomorphy conditioned by the morphology, where the choice of allomorph is determined by Vocabulary Insertion, in cases of phonologically conditioned allomorphy all allomorphs are inserted, and the OT-phonology determines which one is the best choice. Conditioning of allomorphs 1/ Phonologically conditioned selection of allomorphs E.g. Consider the following examples: mon copain, ma copine, mon ami, mon amie 3.2. Each of the various realizations is called an alternant.The variation may be conditioned by the phonological, morphological, and/or syntactic environment in which the morpheme finds itself. form/formal) • Allomorphs can also be syntactically conditioned (3)a.Some Greeks believed (that) the earth is round. 13 English indefinite article allomorphy a banana anapple a parent anuncle 14 Bases can have allomorphs as well destroy + er destroyer destroy + tion destruction broad + er broader [o] b. For example, the three allomorphs of the plural morphemes are represented by /-s/ occurs after voiceless sounds, /-z/ occurs after voiced sounds and /-iz/ occurs after groove fricatives and affricates. Allomorphy can be lexically or phonologically conditioned. 3.4.1 Phonologically conditioned allomorph: The morpheme which is conditioned by phoneme is called phonologically conditioned allomorph. A famous example of phonologically conditioned infix placement is the agentive focus affix in Tagalog, -um-, which occurs before the first vowel (or, in some cases, after the first consonant) of the stem (Orgun & Sprouse 1999). The allomorphy here is caused by assimilation. regular forms. Can you see why? Allomorph of the indefinite article : an (before vowels, ex : an elephant) and a (before consonant, ex : a dog) both of them have meaning one,single. allomorphs is due to subcategorization of the allomorphs for a specific phonological context (Lapointe 2001, Mascaró 2007, Bonet, Lloret and Mascaró 2007). Thank you. The allomorphs of the past tense all have the orthographic form -ed, but phonologically they are [əd], [d], and [t]. Grammatically (morpho-) phonological rules for any phonologically conditioned allomorphs, concise descriptions for any morphologically conditioned allomorphs). On the other manus it derives the empirical generalisation that allomorph choice is ever opaque with phonemics. The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme.Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt͡ʃ/, which was initially phonologically conditioned. kiss’s, fez’s, bush’s, rouge’s, witch’s, edge’s … Understand the difference between a highly productive and a less productive morphological process, and give examples of each. If no ordering is established, allomorphic choice is determined by the phonology, in particular, by the emergence of the unmarked (TETU). This happens with the plural -en suffix (e.g. In other cases, TETU effects are insufficient, and lexical ordering determines the preference for dominant allomorphs. 1. Byrne, 1978). We are not allowed to display external PDFs yet. These allomorphs can take many forms and are usually considered irregularities or exceptions of the language. These typically yield phonologically conditioned allomorphs, stem alternations or deletion or modification of particular feature s of the morphemes (impoverishment). The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme. Allomorphs are concrete realizations of a morpheme. Suffixes of the future tense are ignored.4 I/II 1sg 2sg 3 1pl 2pl 1sg g- b- g-t 2sg m- - m-t allomorphy - mon etc. These phonological variations form phonologically conditioned allomorphs which are the members or the variants of a morpheme. The allomorphs of a morpheme are derived from phonological rules and any morphophonemic rules that may apply to that morpheme. The Structure of Hawaiian David J. Medeiros Reduplication Semantics: The Recap Niuean Reduplication in the Verbal Domain Introduction to Valency Morphology Simulative use • For EP, the simulative refers to examples where ho‘o or ha‘a An a llomorph is a contextually determined variant of a given morpheme. • Morphs that belong to the same morpheme are allomorphs. Examples of how to use “phonologically” in a sentence from the Cambridge Dictionary Labs Allomorphy can be lexically or phonologically conditioned. The first is phonologically conditioned infix placement (see Yu 2003, 2007). Some examples are shown below: On the other hand it derives the empirical generalization that allomorph selection is always opaque with phonology, conditioned by the competing allomorphs. Phonological conditioning: Plural morpheme in English provides very od examples of both phonologically and morphologically conditioned allo morphš; /-s/, /-zl, and /iz/ are all phonologically conditioned allomorphs of the plural morpheme in English. why was badr 1 … Allomorphs • Allophones ... Phonological allomorphs are always phonologically conditioned, but suppletive allomorphs may be phonologically, morphologically or lexically conditioned. Phonologically conditioned allomorphy - allomorph selection conditioned by surrounding phones (only!) Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt ͡ʃ/, which was initially phonologically conditioned. The allomorphs are conditioned by the particular case-marking suffixes. ' The initial vowel of each of these forms is a phonologically conditioned allomorph of the agent morpheme 2.2.2. 'owner/seller of lorries cf. and phonological (labiality, occlusion etc.) The examples in (3), the cases of external transparent allomorphy, can be readily explained. As concerns In locally conditioned allomorphy, the VI rules can be formulated either with (as in ) or without reference to the elsewhere allomorph (by specifying the context for each of the allomorphs). that allomorphs are lexically organized as a partially ordered set. There are phonologically conditioned suppletive allomorphs (=PCSA, Paster 2006) that cannot be traced back to a single underlying form. On the other hand it derives the empirical generalization that allomorph selection is always opaque with phonology, conditioned by the competing allomorphs. This happens with the plural -en suffix (e.g. Types of allomorphy. There are many, many phonological rules for every language spoken on Earth. The suffix -o appears only in the imperative 2s, the citation form of verbs in Somali dictionaries and grammars. These irregularities are the result of historical (or diachronic) processes and must be learned as characteristics peculiar to specific morphemes (cf. Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt͡ʃ/ , which was initially phonologically conditioned. Phonologically conditioned allomorphy is used as an argument by what Embick calls global approaches in order to show that morphology and phonology are not distinct, i.e. We may posit two allomorphs {n, ə} in the input in line of Lapointe (1999), and the choice falls from the constraint interaction. The variation may be conditioned by the phonological, morphological, and/or syntactic environment in which the morpheme finds itself. Another bit of marking used on the verbs above is the perfective marker, which exhibits some interesting allomorphy. examples of lexical morpheme. There is, however, another set of alternations in which the verbal prefix s- and its variants participate: one of free variation. The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme. Linguistics - Linguistics - Morphology: The grammatical description of many, if not all, languages is conveniently divided into two complementary sections: morphology and syntax. Though the evidence is limited, the ‘actual’ of the ‘diminutive’ seems to be formed uniformly with C1V́+ reduplication. allomorphs on the basis of lexical criteria. An example of allomorphs are calcite and aragonite. Phonological allomorphs typically have phonological cond itioning. oxen), the preterite/participle -t suffix (e.g. The morphologically conditioned allomorphs of a morpheme are regardedas irregular in contrast with the phonologically conditioned allomorphs, which areregarded as regular. • Phonologically conditioned allomorphy: phonological properties of stems and affixes play a role in determining the shape of the word. Phonologically conditioned allomorphy in the morphology of ... Phonological Rule Examples. For instance, the different allomorphs for the The morphologically conditioned allomorphs are regarded as irregular in contrast with the phonologically conditioned allomorphs, which are regarded as regular. Here s- alternates with sa-, si-, and su- irrespective of the phonological environment. It has some predictable (i.e. Based on these observations, it is suggested that English noun endings are phonologically conditioned, as many allomorphs are, on the The allomorphs are conditioned by the particular case-marking suffixes. Instead, the choice of allomorph may be grammatically conditioned, i.e. The Finally, there are allomorphs of the plural suffix, and the preterite and participle suffixes, which also show a type of allomorphy that is not phonologically conditioned. For example, suffixing –s (with phonologically conditioned allomorphs) is used in English to mark third-person singular agreement in verbs, plural number on common nouns, and possessive forms of noun phrases. conditioned by phonology, because there is no phonological trigger for the use of stem-final –v as opposed to stem-final –t in the perfect stems. Past tense allomorphy in English Now, let’s consider examples … The form of the stem /vaːk/, found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme.Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt͡ʃ/, which was initially phonologically conditioned. An allomorph is defined as any of the crystalline forms of a substance. • Ha‘a has phonologically conditioned allomorphs h a and ha. Suppletion Allomorph. The theoretical assumption that "normally, the distribution of allomorphs is phonologically conditioned" (Katamba, 1993). The choice between the suffixes separated by a slash is again conditioned by verb class and tense. (explain in light of the following examples). In the following, we discuss each of these processes in Hindi verbal morphology. Purely serial theories bar outwardssensitivity altogether, while parallel theories permit it across the board. Given this analysis, the allomorphs of autoben appear in bold face in (59). They are nouns, adjectives, verbs, prepositions or . 'could be considered phonologically conditioned allomorphs' (336) - but dismisses such an analysis because 'this interpreta-tion .. . {ale.) Make simple statements about distribution of allomorphs. Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt͡ʃ/ , which was initially phonologically conditioned. For nouns ending in ie /i/, the distribution of the adjectival suffix allomorphs is determined by the stress pattern of the stem, as follows: -isch is used if the stem has final stress, while -ief is used if the stem-final syllable is unstressed. Other articles where Phonological conditioning is discussed: linguistics: Morphology: …them is determined by the phonological structure of the preceding morph. An example of PCSA is found in Dja:bugay (Patz 1991), a Pama-Nyungan language of Australia. The usual allomorphs of the "English plural", "possessive", and "third person" morphemes are / z/, which occurs after /ssczj/ (or after sibilants), /s/, which occurs after the remaining voiceless consonants, and /z/, which occurs elsewhere. There are lots of cases in which the choice of a particular allomorph makes sense from a phonological point of view, and appears to have a phonological motivation. Most examples below are instances of exponence (in particular, affix) allomorphy; but base ( stem) morphemes can, and do, also have allomorphs – for example: receive [siv] ~ recep [s”p] (as in recep-tion ) , … An allomorph is said to be phonologically conditioned when its form is dependent on the adjacent sounds. The best evidence of allomorphs being morphologically conditioned is found in the variant of English language suffixes in plural which exist in the words "children" and "oxen" to cite two examples. An example of an allomorph for the prefix in- is il-. Past tense allomorphy in English Now, let’s consider examples … • One morpheme, five allomorphs. Subsequently, one may also ask, what is phonologically conditioned Allomorphy? In an ideal case a single morpheme has a single constant form / in reality many morphemes vary in form, e.g. the two forms of morphemes in allomorphs. The vowel change allomorph of the plural in English is lexical, for example. Phonologically Governed Allomorph Selection: ~ 303 cally governed, that (ii) the stress patterns are sensitive to syllable structure and weight, and that (iii) the same patterns are found in nonce words as well. In addition, answer the following questions: (iv) Which of the many morphological processes and operations that we have discussed in this course so far can you identify in the data? The Russian Gen-Pl allomorphs present an example of so-called suppletive allo-morphy (when allomorphs cannot be derived from the same underlying representa-tion). Please note that I only wish some direction as to what/where to start. Allomorphs of the regular past tense morpheme /id/ after d,t : hated Most of the Generative Mor- phology assumes the IP approach, where allomorphy is handled by one or sev- eral morphological rules that convert a underlying structure (the morpheme) into its surface form (the allomorph). According to Carstairs (1987), there is a need to distinguish phonologically-conditioned allomorphy from lexically or … Morphology is the study of morphemes, which are the smallest significant units of grammar.According to Bloomfield, it is the study of the constructions in which sound forms appear among the constituents. The allomorphs of a morpheme are derived from phonological rules and any morphophonemic rules that may apply to that morpheme. Examples are shown below (Booij and Lieber 1993: 25). The types of cases which are likely to be most enlightening are what is sometimes called “Phonologically Conditioned (Suppletive) Allomorphy” (PCSA; Carstairs-McCarthy 2001, Paster 2009, 2015):!Two allomorphs which are not transparently phonologically related, but whose distribution is clearly phonologically governed. In addition to the phonological conditioning, allomorphs can also be gramatically and lexically conditioned.If we take a look at the plural marker, we find that the most common form to produce a plural out of a singluar form is the suffixation of -s. Does an analogous generalisation apply to French mon and ma ? Alternation may refer to: Alternation card game Alternation linguistics a variation in the phonological form of a morpheme Diathesis alternation In linguistics diathesis alternation or verb alternation occurs when the same verb can be used in different subcategorization frames or with different guide to linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of natural language. depending on their position / i.e. oxen), the preterite/participle -t suffix (e.g. You will be redirected to the full text document in the repository in a few seconds, if not click here.click here. The [s], [z], and [´z] allomorphs, by contrast, are phonologically conditioned. Likewise, what is phonologically conditioned Allomorphy? Furthermore, to explain phonologically unnatural allomorph selections in Haitian Creole, Bonet et al. Pre-Indic palatalization of velars resulted in the variant form /vaːt ͡ʃ/, which was initially phonologically conditioned. … 26 C H A P T E R 2 B AS I C C O N C E P T S determines the choice of allomorph. There is no difference in Set II between 3rd person singular and 3rd person plural. The form of the stem /vaːk/ , found in the nominative singular and locative plural, is the etymological form of the morpheme. • Dutch: 2 agentive affixes - aar & er bedel/be:dəl/ `to beg’ bedel-aar `beggar’ luistar/ləistər/ `to listen luist-aar `listener’ verdedig/vɛrdedig `defend’ vɛrdedig-er The allomorph may be conditioned by the local phonological context (phonological conditioning) or by the specific morphemes forming the context (morphological conditioning). Thus the choice is phonologically conditioned. "Replacives are considered to be allomorphs," notes Philip Orazio Tartaglia. Allomorphs are concrete realizations of a morpheme. Such phenomena are commonly limited to rather small corners of a languageâ s structure, however, and as a result have not been a major theoretical focus. propose an analysis in which the range of phonologically conditioned allomorphs can be accounted for by prefixing a segmentally empty mora. Phonologically conditioned allomorphy and modularity. In this paper, I present two cases In all cases except the comitative, consonant(C)-final nouns select vowel(V)-initial allomorphs so that the final coda is resyllabified as an onset of the following syllable (ex: kuk-ɨn ‘soup-TOP’ → [ku.gɨn]), Phonologically Conditioned Allomorphy in the Morphology of Surmiran (Rumantsch) Stephen R. Anderson, Yale University∗ About twenty years ago, Andrew Carstairs (1986, 1988) discussed some examples that seemed to fall inconveniently between the stools of phonology and morphology: cases where some alternation whose form is not plausibly The vowel change allomorph of the plural in English is lexical, for example. Important early work on phonologically conditioned allomorphy in OT argued that suppletive allomorph distribution (SAD) could be seen in terms of the emergence of the unmarked (e.g. In each of these examples, the actual forms of the morphs that result from the morpheme 'plural' are different. The [s], [z], and [´z] allomorphs, by contrast, are phonologically conditioned. Adding /n/ after a consonant is bad, since it creates a complex coda, and Provide examples. (morpho-) phonological rules for any phonologically conditioned allomorphs, concise descriptions for any morphologically conditioned allomorphs). This kind of variation among allomorphs is called morphological conditioning. A zero morph, consisting of no phonetic form, is an allomorph of a morpheme that is otherwise realized in speech.In the phrase two sheep-∅, the plural marker is a zero morph, which is an allomorph of -s as in two cows.In the phrase I like-∅ it, the verb conjugation has a zero affix, as opposed to the third-person singular present -s in he likes it. To gain an insight into morphophonemics, first consider the following set of data: These allomorphs of the possessive morpheme are phonologically conditioned. Complementary distribution of prosody-dependent allomorphs is attested in two types that I will refer to as fully-conditioned and partially-conditioned. … This means that the phonological context . For example, the three allomorphs of the plural morphemes are represented by /-s/ occurs after voiceless sounds, /-z/ occurs after voiced sounds and /-iz/ occurs after groove fricatives and affricates. The [əd] allomorph follows roots ending in [t] or [d]; the [t] allomorph follows roots ending in voiceless obstruents, and the [d] allomorph follows roots ending in voiced stops and fricatives, liquids, nasals, and vowels. These rules govern the behavior of speech sounds in any part of a word or sentence. it may be dependent on the presence of a particular grammatical element. forms that follow rules (regular comparative, add -er) ... examples of phonologically conditioned regular plurals /s/ if the word ends in "voiceless" sounds (hats, cups) /z/ if the word ends in "voiced" sounds (dogs, tubs) phonologically conditioned. Spencer shows that the rules relating allomorphs are triggered by morpholexical features of lexical entries, and are not fed by word-formation operations. The distribution of allomorphs is usually subject to phonological conditioning. The allomorphs are conditioned by the particular case-marking suffixes. CiteSeerX - Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): 2004), the treatment of phonologically conditioned allomorphy in Optimality Theory (OT; Prince and Smolensky 1993/2004) is in many cases straightforward. Alternations between allomorphs that are not directly related by phonological rule, but whose selection is governed by phonological properties of the environment, have attracted the sporadic attention of phonologists and morphologists. of affixation, focusing on cases of phonologically conditioned suppletive allomorphy (PCSA). More radically, Paster 2006 and Bye 2007 propose that all phonologically conditioned allomorphy should be described through An allomorph is a linguistics term for a variant form of a morpheme.The concept occurs when a unit of meaning can vary in sound (phonologically) without changing meaning. This can lead to ambiguous expressions like the weapon(‘)s inspector, whose two There are three allomorphs of the stem: /vaːk/, /vaːt͡ʃ/ and /vaːɡ/.The allomorphs are conditioned by the particular case-marking suffixes. See Pseudomorph for another meaning of the word.". Allomorph:"This article is about a linguistic term. Purely serial theories bar outwardssensitivity altogether, while parallel theories permit it across the board. This would really help explain some of the data I've been analyzing. phonologically conditioned variation differ from other forms of variation? each. In linguistics, an allomorph is a variant phonetic form of a morpheme, or, a unit of meaning that varies in sound and spelling without changing the meaning. The Greek combining form "allo-" as it is used in the word allomorph means other or "a related set" that is "related to" a morph. (explain in light of the following examples). WikiZero Özgür Ansiklopedi - Wikipedia Okumanın En Kolay Yolu . List allomorphs of a morpheme and their environments. that the choice between the allomorphs has nothing to do with phonology. noun. Hence this is called lexical conditioning. "'-' -z ~ -azf, with the following distribution: f-azf after stems that end infs z s z c jf, e.g. Hi Jan, I am writing on behalf of Ask a Linguistics Tutor in response to your question on Morphology. example 1: (1) Korean subjunctive … Men, children and deer are therefore irregular English plurals, just as are alumni, criteria, mice, women, oxen, and strata. A classic example pf this in English is the way in which “ox” forms its plural as “oxen” rather than “oxes”. There is significant variety in allomorphs, but they occur in two forms: phonologically conditioned and lexically conditioned. Men, children and deer are therefore irregular English plurals, just as are alumni, criteria, mice, women, oxen, and strata. There are three allomorphs of the stem: /vaːk/, /vaːt͡ʃ/ and /vaːɡ/.The allomorphs are conditioned by the particular case-marking suffixes. The morphologically conditioned allomorphs are regarded as irregular in contrast with the phonologically conditioned allomorphs, which are regarded as regular. This morpheme is pronounced /s/, /z/, or /ɨz/, depending on the nature of the preceding sound. Previous approaches: The case markers in (1) have often been cited as examples of phonologically conditioned suppletive allomorphy. If the preceding sound is a sibilant consonant (one of /s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, or /dʒ/), the plural marker takes the form /ɨz/. Each allomorph, attached to a base, arises as the optimal way to fill a mora, given phonotactic patterns of the language. Carstairs qualifies such cases as ‘phonologically conditioned … Additive Allomorph. In addition, answer the following questions: (iv) Which of the many morphological processes and operations that we have discussed in this course so far can you identify in the data? An allomorph is said to be lexically conditioned when its form seems to be Such morphemes carry most of the ' semantic content' of utterances- ... Phonologically Conditioned Allomorphs: Allomorphs of a morpheme are phonologically conditioned when their distribution can . Finally, there are allomorphs of the plural suffix, and the preterite and participle suffixes, which also show a type of allomorphy that is not phonologically conditioned. Examples: In this case, there is no motivated phonological relation between allomorphs, but … When the allomorphs are conditioned by the phonetic nature of the preceding phoneme, they are said to be phonologically conditioned allomorphs. conditioned allomorphs. architecture comes from a putative generalization that selection of allomorphs is strictly local, a claim I will call the Node Adjacency Hypothesis: in particular, that the appearance of a particular outward-sensitive allomorph can be conditioned only by morphosyntactic features of an element that is …
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